Project
Modules, inverters, structure, BOS
₹18,15,500
ItemQtyUnitRateAmount
₹12,55,500
₹2,10,000
₹2,10,000
₹85,000
₹55,000
Installation crews, civil
₹1,65,000
ItemQtyUnitRateAmount
₹1,25,000
₹40,000
Engineers, supervisors — hrs × rate
₹1,34,000
ItemQtyUnitRateAmount
₹54,000
₹60,000
₹20,000
Freight, stay, fuel
₹81,000
ItemQtyUnitRateAmount
₹36,000
₹45,000
Permits, hire, testing
₹49,000
ItemQtyUnitRateAmount
₹15,000
₹24,000
₹10,000
Hidden risks & working capital
The costs most businesses forget to price in.
₹3,54,701
Contingency · 3% of direct₹67,335
Corporate overhead · 5% of direct₹1,12,225
Price escalation buffer · 0%/yr on materials₹0
Warranty / DLP reserve · 1% of contract₹25,000
Insurance · 0.3% of contract₹7,500
Statutory & approvals · 0.5% of contract₹12,500
Sales / BD commission · 2% of contract₹50,000
Bank guarantee charges · 1.5%/yr₹10,000
Interest on payment delay · 45 days @ 12%₹36,986
Interest on retention · 5% for 12 mo₹15,000
Material financing · half of financed cost for 2 mo₹18,155
Payment milestones & cash flow
Receipts shift by payment delay; retention is released at the end of its period.
100% billed
Milestone% of contractMonth
Cumulative cash position by monthPeak cash needed: ₹21,24,201
M0M17